Container carrier
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Overview
The initial stages of the development of container transport originated in the United Kingdom. As early as 1801, Dr. James Anderson of the United Kingdom had proposed the concept of transporting goods into containers for transportation. In 1845, the British Railways had used the method of exchange of trucks and saw the carriages as containers, which made the concept of container transportation initially applied. In the mid-nineteenth century, a cargo-carrying load-carrying tool for transporting cotton yarns and cotton cloth has emerged in Lancashire in the United Kingdom. This is a container prototype. Formal use of containers to transport goods was in the early 20th century. In 1900, the first trial of container transport on the British railways was later passed to the United States (1917), Germany (1920), France (1928) and other European and American countries.
Functions and Features The functions of the container are summarized. The container has the following four functions: expanding the cargo unit; moving the car's trunk; external packaging of the cargo; temporary storage of the cargo terminal. Characteristics of Container Carriers Container transport is a group transportation. Simply put, it is to transport loose pieces of goods in a standardized big box (or other container) for transportation; when the vehicle is changed, the goods in the box do not need to be flipped, but only need to contain loose goods. The container is moved from one transport to another. Therefore, the container is a good tool for the transportation of roads, railways, waterways, and aviation.
Structure and Design of Container Carriers 1. Structure Characteristics and Design Essentials of Groceries Containers : Box, Cargo, Fasteners 1. Box structure characteristics and design requirements The shape is box-shaped hexahedron, and the shape is box-shaped hexahedron. It can be divided into two types: fixed and folding. The frame carries and the high-strength steel produces tensile strength ≥ 500MPa. 2. The corner fasteners for the cargo fasteners in the box are hoisted to facilitate the lifting and connection of the welding chassis. The welding chassis and the fork slot are convenient for loading and unloading. The requirements for fastening the goods are convenient and reliable. Requirements: Fastening the goods is convenient. , Reliable, to ensure cargo security Fastener types: solid bolts, nylon belts with ratchets, fastener types: solid bolts, nylon belts with ratchets, cushions, cushions, steel ropes with ratchets. Second, the structural characteristics of refrigerated containers The main technical parameters and structural characteristics 1. When the ambient temperature is 311K (38°C), the temperature in the cabinet should be kept in the cabinet. The temperature should be kept at 255K (-18°C). When the ambient temperature is (°C ( °C Refrigerated container structure: Integral frame type, slicing Assembled refrigerated container section 2, Refrigerated containers related standard map ISO-6346 "Container Codes, Identification of Container Codes, and Marks" and Marks"; ISO-668 "Series I Container Classification, Series I Container Classification, External Dimensions and Quality Ratings" External Dimensions and Quality Ratings; GB1413-78 "Outer Container Size and Weight Series" and Weight Series ISO-1161 "Series I Container Corners "Series I Technical Specifications" Technical Specifications; Technical conditions of GB1835-80 container corners "Technical conditions of container corners" ISO-1496/II "II Technical Conditions and Test Methods for Thermal Insulation Containers" Technical Conditions and Test Methods" Container Locking Device Locking Device Twisting Center Position Dimensions and Tolerances
Four advantages of container carriers 1. Simplify loading and unloading operations: When containers are transferred, they only need to be replaced and no flipping is required, which greatly simplifies loading and unloading operations and facilitates mechanization of loading and unloading. The reloading of containers usually takes only a few minutes, which shortens the waiting time for loading and unloading, increases labor productivity, and speeds up the turnover of goods and vehicles. 2. Save on packaging costs: Since the goods are directly installed in the container, no flipping is required. Therefore, there is no need for separate packing of the goods, which saves packaging costs. 3. Reduced cargo damage and spread: As the container itself is a sturdy package during the entire transportation process. Only the initial transportation and final transportation can open the container for loading and unloading goods, and the goods of the intermediate links need not be flipped, so the goods are not easy to be damaged and lost. Container transport can reduce the damage and cargo damage caused by theft, moisture, and pollution. It is deeply welcomed by shippers and shipping companies. It also reduces the waste of social wealth and also has great Social benefits. 4. The entire transportation cost is reduced: Since the loading and unloading of containers is basically not affected by bad weather, the non-productive berthing time of vessels is shortened, and because of the high loading and unloading efficiency and the shortening of the loading and unloading time, it is possible for the shipping companies to increase the sailing rate. To reduce the cost of shipping, for ports, it is possible to increase the capacity of berths to increase throughput and increase revenue.
The advantages of container transport vehicles The traditional transport methods have many shortcomings such as heavy loading and unloading, labor intensity, low loading and unloading efficiency, and slow ship turnover. Container transport completely changed this situation. 1) The loading and unloading of ordinary cargo ships is generally about 35 tons per hour, and the loading and unloading of containers can reach about 400 tons per hour, and the handling efficiency is greatly improved. At the same time, due to the high degree of mechanization of container handling, the number of workers required for each shift is small, and the average productivity of each worker is greatly increased. 2) Due to the high loading and unloading efficiency of containers and the small impact of climate, the time for vessels to stay in Hong Kong has been greatly shortened. As a result, the voyage time of vessels has been shortened, the turnover of vessels has been accelerated, the navigation rate has been greatly improved, and the production efficiency of ships has increased. As a result, ship transportation has been improved. Capacity, without increasing the number of vessels, can complete more traffic and increase the company’s revenue, which leads to high efficiency and high efficiency. Container transportation is at the same time a highly capital-intensive industry, and investment in ports is also quite large. The terminal facilities for special container berths include the dock line and frontier, freight yards, freight stations, maintenance workshops, control towers, concierge, and container handling machinery, which are costly.
Handling methods of container transportation In container transportation, there are the following methods for the transfer of FCL and LCL between the two parties: 1. Door-to-door: Containers that are loaded by the shipper are accepted by the carrier after acceptance in their warehouses or factory warehouses, and are transported by the carrier until the consignee's warehouse or factory warehouse arrives. This full-line transport is called door-to-door transport. 2. Door arrival: Container yard in the container handling area from the consignor's warehouse or factory warehouse to the destination or container port. 3, the door to the station: from the consignor warehouse or factory warehouse to the destination or container port cargo container terminal. 4. Field-to-door: From the container loading and unloading area yard at the port of departure or the port of loading to the consignee's warehouse or factory warehouse. 5. Field arrival: Container yards at the loading and unloading areas at the port of departure or at the port of loading to the container yard at the destination or container port. 6. Field arrival: The container freight station of the container handling area from the port of departure or container port to the destination or container port. 7. Station-to-gate: From the container freight station from the port of departure or packing port to the consignee's warehouse or factory warehouse. 8. Station arrival: The container freight station from the port of departure or the port of loading to the container yard of the destination or container port. 9. Station-to-station: A container freight station from the port of departure or container port to a container terminal at the port of destination or port of unloading.