New active surface contributes to solar concentrating system cleaning
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology are creating a new active surface that can effectively control the movement of liquids or particles. This work may enable the automatic removal of dust and grit from various new installations or solar panels.
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Most surface liquids or particles move by gravity or other forces. The research team decided to use external fields such as magnetic fields to enhance surface activity and precisely control the movement of particles or droplets. The system uses a micro-structured surface with bumps of a few microns, then injects tiny magnetic particles that push the applied magnetic field to stretch the surface. When water or droplets of fine particles are placed on the surface, a thin layer of fluid forms to form a magnetic garment. Thin magnetizing the garment then allows the droplets or particles to move. Unlike conventional microchannel-controlled fixed channels, such surfaces can be freely configured with virtual channels.
Although other researchers have developed magnetic particles or liquid systems, the movement of matter requires a very powerful magnetic field. The new surface system allows fluids and particles to slide around with virtually no friction. "Slight friction can make us get extremely fast," said Karim Khalil, a graduate student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In a solar concentrating system, solar panel and mirror effects are significantly reduced when dust, moisture, or other material accumulates on its surface, but if coated with such a surface material, impurities can be removed by magnetic pulses. Current pollution is a major issue for solar concentrating systems, with data showing a loss of nearly 1% of weekly efficiency. In desert areas, the only way to combat this pollution is to use water for cleaning. The advantage of the new system is that it can remove a wide range of surface contaminants. With this new method, the cleaning process can be automated without the use of water. 