Motor selection and maintenance and common faults
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Wumencha right rear flag farm machinery supervision station Zhang Zhanhong Wumeng right rear flag forest bureau Han Cuiping 1 motor selection 1.1 according to the surrounding environment of the motor installation site to choose the form of the motor, the common form of rural motor is protected and closed . The protective ventilation performance is good, the price is low, suitable for the environment where the environment is dry and the dust is small; if there is more dust, the water droplets splash, the closed motor should be used. Such an electric motor can be used in agricultural and sideline processing machinery and water pumps, and there is also a sealed electric motor that can be dipped in water, and an electric submersible pump uses the electric motor.
1.2 According to the use of load, the power of the motor that selects the motor should generally be 1.11.5 times the power of the production machinery. If the power selection is too large, not only will the investment be increased, but also the mechanical efficiency will be reduced and the production cost will be increased. If the power selection is too small, the motor will be subjected to excessive load for a long time, which will cause the temperature to rise too high and damage the insulation and shorten the service life of the motor.
1.3 According to the speed requirement of the working machine and the transmission mode, the principle of matching the motor speed is to make the motor and the production machine run at the rated speed. The transmission mode is the same.
2 Motor maintenance 2.1 Environmental inspections Always check for any other debris near the motor to prevent normal operation of the motor. Remove dirt, grease, dirt, etc. that affect the heat dissipation of the motor.
2.2 Bearing maintenance The most important thing is to change the lubricant regularly. When changing oil, clean the bearing with coal or gasoline, carefully check the wear and tear. If the wear is serious or damaged, replace the new bearing; if the bearing is in good condition, fill the grease, not to exceed 70% of the bearing volume.
2.3 Safety inspection Regularly measure the insulation resistance of the motor (not less than 0.5 megohms) with a megohmmeter and check the grounding of the casing. Always check the wiring for loose or burnt parts. Check the starter regularly to see if the contacts and terminals are loose, burnt, or oxidized. If any of the above phenomena should be eliminated in time.
2.4 During the maintenance period of the agricultural and recreational period, the motor should be comprehensively inspected and repaired to ensure normal operation when the production is busy. When the motor is not in use, it should be stored indoors, and pay attention to moisture, dust, rodent, anti-lost, and keep it safe.
3 Motor common faults 3.1 Three-phase motor phase loss operation Three-phase motor is in operation, a certain phase fuse is blown or the conductor is broken and the contact is poor, so that one phase does not supply power, but the motor can continue to run. At this time, the rotational force is significantly reduced, the rotational speed is slow, the sound is abnormal, and the current is large. When the time is long, the motor is burned out. If there is a lack of phase before starting, there will be a "beep" sound after closing, the motor will not turn, you should immediately pull down the knife to disconnect the power supply, find out the cause and eliminate the fault before starting, otherwise it will burn the motor.
3.2 Motor temperature is too high The power supply voltage is too high or too low, which will increase the temperature of the motor. In the work, always pay attention to whether the temperature rise of the motor exceeds the regulations. If it is found to be overheated, stop it and take appropriate measures to let the air circulate, reduce the load, stop at noon during the hot season, and so on.
If the bearing part is hot and hot, and the sound of "å±å±" or "å…‹å…‹å…‹å•·" may be caused by burning or damage to the bearing, it may be that the bearing enters the debris or the transmission belt is too tight. The bearing shell should be disassembled for cleaning inspection. If it is damaged, it should be replaced. If the bearing burns but is not damaged, as long as the operation is flexible, it can be refilled after adding new oil; if the belt is too tight, it should be re-adjusted.
