Mine Geology and Mine Safety Production and Environmental Protection in Zhangzhou
Chenzhou City, Hunan Province, is a mineral resources in the city, non-ferrous metals, coal, building materials and other non-metallic minerals in the province and the country have played an important role, and some world-renowned, but it is also a mining economic powerhouses, solid minerals The total annual mining volume ranks first in the province. Some mineral production can affect the world market. The total output value of mining accounts for 41.66% of the city's total industrial output value, and the added value of mining accounts for 11.82% of the city's GDP. The basic and pillar status and role of mining in the city's economic construction and social development are very obvious. However, in the current mining economy, the individual economic component ratio is significant, and it is still in the stage of insufficient maturity. The problems of the company's one-sided pursuit of economic benefits are prominent, which is reflected in the mine safety and environmental protection. It is a lot of accidents, large casualties, serious occupational diseases, and ecological environment. Suffering from damage and economic losses, it severely restricts the sustainable development of the city's mining economy. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen mine safety production, ecological environmental protection and restoration and management. This paper discusses the safety hazards caused by mining and the mechanism of ecological environmental protection from the perspective of geological science. First, the main problems caused by mining activities in Zhangzhou City (1) Geological disasters The secondary geological disasters caused by mining activities in Ganzhou City mainly include ground deformation, landslides, mudslides, soil erosion, tailings reservoir dam breaks, mine water inrush and gas outburst. 1. Ground deformation Since the formation of underground mining of ore and the Long Span goaf goaf of roof rock engineering poor geological conditions, or pumping groundwater, groundwater lowering induced by ground subsidence, collapse, goaf collapse like. For example, coal mining around Tianfengtang Village, Shuidong Township, Linwu County has been in existence for several decades. Land subsidence began in 1995, and ground cracks occurred in parallel mining areas in the southeast of the village. The vertical vertical drop of the surface reached 1.5 m, and the impact range was over 10,000 m2. The land subsidence in the west of the village forms a 1.5×104 m2 dish-shaped basin. The vertical drop of the subsidence center is 2.0 m at the maximum, and tensile cracks occur at the edge of the basin. There are 168 cracks in more than 400 houses, forming more than 40 dangerous houses. In the south of Yizhang County, land subsidence caused by mining damages canals, roads and civil buildings, affecting production and transportation. 2. Landslides, mudslides, landslides, debris flows It mainly occurs in the middle and low mountainous areas with steep terrain, resulting in large losses. The landslides and mudslides generated by the waste rock from the mines are mainly due to the poor geological conditions of the waste rock dumping sites and the unstable foundation. For example, on August 5, 1994, landslides occurred in the waste rock and loose layer accumulated in the Taipingli section of the Shizhuyuan mining area, resulting in 20 deaths, 6 serious injuries, and destruction of houses, bridges, power stations, highways and production sites, and direct economic losses. Up to more than 800 million yuan; on November 12, 2000, the landslide was revived again, resulting in the death of two people, destroying a car, and direct economic losses of 800,000 yuan. 3, tailings pond dam Quzhou City, such as Shizhuyuan, Agate Mountain, Xianghualing and Qitianling, especially in the area of ​​Shizhuyuan, in addition to the large tailings reservoir of state-owned mines, there are more than 100 small tailings formed by individuals and township mining sites. Library. Most of these tailings ponds were built for intercepting ravine dams. Due to improper site selection, overloading of reservoirs, and damage to the later period, some have become disease banks, dangerous reservoirs, and dangerous reservoirs. The reservoir area constitutes a major safety hazard. . 4, mine water inrush Due to the lack of understanding of the geological and hydrogeological conditions of the mining area, the mining tunnel cuts through the aquifer or water-bearing fault zone, the old water and the surface water body, and the mine pit water often occurs, causing large losses. For example, in April 1981, the No. 3 wind shaft in Huangshaping mining area encountered water bursting in the fracture zone, and the water inrush was 12 842.8 m3/d. The water inrush caused the groundwater level to drop and caused the karst collapse. 5, gas prominent Coal mine beds are often accompanied by toxic and harmful gas. Gas accumulation in the gas-rich area is prone to cause gas explosions. Yizhang County, Linwu County, Yongxing County, Jiahe County and Suxian District, which have large reserves of coal resources in Chenzhou City, belong to the high gas area. Beihu District and Zixing City belong to the low gas area, and corresponding measures should be taken in mining development. Governance. (2) Destruction of mineral resources Mineral resources are an important material basis for national economic and social development and should be well protected and rationally developed and utilized. However, with the development of mining development and the operation of various economic systems, many self-employed individuals have joined the ranks of mining development through various channels. This has added new strength to mining development, and on the other hand has added disorderly components to mining development. And it also caused a lot of security risks. For example, in the west and southwest of the Qitianling rock mass, there are coal mines with sedimentary genesis, graphite mines with metamorphic genesis, and non-ferrous metal mines with hydrothermal fissure filling. Some metal ore veins are produced in coal-bearing strata. Due to the identification of ore, the miners use graphite stone as a coal mining and waste, and waste graphite ore resources; or singles a coal or graphite mine, and most coal mines. The mining of graphite ore is carried out by the mining method. After the mining, the tunnel has collapsed, which makes the metal mines in these areas not developed. (3) Surface environmental damage Surface environmental damage includes mining waste rock damage to land and destruction of vegetation and its weathered contaminated land and water system. Mainboard Heatsink,Motherboard Heatsink,Motherboard Cooler,Copper Heat Sink Timeplex Industrial Limited , https://www.timeplexhk.com
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