Application prospect of compressed air energy storage technology in Chongming
Faced with the increasing challenge of intermittent energy in Chongming Power Grid, this paper proposes a mature green physical energy storage technology method~~ compressed air energy storage technology. The compressed air storage power station has been successfully operated for many years abroad. This paper cites a large number of relevant data as evidence to verify the feasibility of the technology in Chongming. Smart grid; compressed air energy storage; intermittent energy world power supply system is tending to cross-regional or even cross-border networking, providing all-weather power supply; a variety of intermittent energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy access to the system. However, power supply and power consumption always do not match, especially in the middle of the night, excessive power "large short-selling" is almost inevitable, and the recent large-scale access of intermittent energy sources has intensified this situation, which in turn has an impact on system stability. In order to change this situation, people are thinking hard about finding ways to store energy storage, such as chemical energy storage, physical energy storage, etc., but it is difficult to sustain development due to low energy efficiency, short life and high environmental costs; Kinds of batteries (including supercapacitors, whose energy storage density and lifetime are 12 orders of magnitude lower than our requirements! Power systems are eager to invent a high-density, long-life, fast-responding, pollution-free and reasonably priced energy storage system. Among various energy storage technologies, pumped storage and compressed air storage are widely favored for their unique advantages. Please see the comparative analysis of the two: pumping power stations: the geographical conditions of the station are demanding, the upper and lower reservoirs are large, and the height is high. The geological structure is strict. The installed capacity is 1.8 million KW, the investment is 659 billion yuan, the construction period is 68 years, the energy conversion efficiency is 7073%, and the water resource cost is paid. Earthquakes, landslides, storms, mudslides, rock weathering, etc. exist. Risk. Water is easy to evaporate and lose, especially in the hot season, the response speed of the turbine is slow. Compressed gas power station: no specific geographical requirements, the gas storage deep buried It does not occupy land. The installed capacity is 1.8 million KW, the investment amount is 560 billion yuan, and the construction period is 35 years. The energy conversion efficiency reaches 7790%, and the air is not paid. The gas storage is buried deep underground, relatively stable, and the temperature difference is small, energy The carrier air is not afraid of loss everywhere, the flow rate f, and thus the response speed is fast. 1 Modern compressed air energy storage technology principle and demonstration effect 1.1 Modern compressed air energy storage technology working principle The energy storage subsystem consisting of compressor, electric motor and C air chamber stores the low-cost electric energy of the power station trough through compressed air in the gas storage. In the chamber, when the energy is stored, the motor/generator and the compressor are coupled by a coupling, and are decoupled from the gas turbine. When the power system is under peak load, the compressed air is used to drive the gas turbine to generate electricity, and the gas turbine, the combustion chamber, and the heater are sent. In an electronic system, the electric/generator is coupled to the gas turbine during power generation and decoupled from the compressor. D small / micro compressed air storage power station storage space: pipelines, large tanks and other pressure vessels. 2) Large compressed air storage power stations have three storage locations: caves in underground salt rock mines, existing mine caves or excavated rock caves, and underground water-bearing rock layers. 1.3 Conversion of energy in the process of energy storage The compressed air storage process of the compressor is regarded as the adiabatic process, and the air is regarded as the ideal gas. In this process, the entropy of the working medium is constant during the reverse compression process, so the ideal adiabatic compression process is Isentropic compression process. In actual production, the pressure ratio is up to 60 times or more, and the maximum temperature is up to 900K. The storage space is difficult to withstand such high temperature, so the high-pressure and high-temperature gas before entering the storage space must be cooled, and the released heat can be stored by the thermal energy storage device. Used to heat compressed air during power generation. Compared with the traditional compressed air energy storage system for burning fuel, the energy storage efficiency of the system is greatly improved, theoretically can reach more than 70%; at the same time, because the combustion heat is used instead of fuel combustion, the system removes the combustion chamber and realizes zero carbon. Emission requirements. However, the initial investment cost will increase by 20% and 30%. 1.4 Development trend of compressed air energy storage power station D Improve gas turbine circulation system and apply regenerative technology. 2) Apply joint cycle technology. 3) Large-scale and automation of units and power stations. 4 It is used for distributed energy system and heat, electricity and cold supply; micro or small CAES power station composed of micro and small gas turbines can adjust peak-to-valley difference and ensure power supply quality with less input. 5) Further develop storage space. 2 Compressed air energy storage technology in Chongming application prospects D grid overview and the demand for energy storage technology. Chongming Island has abundant green energy resources such as wind energy, solar energy, geothermal energy, biomass energy and tidal energy. According to the long-term plan (in 2020, the total installed capacity of renewable energy can reach about 3,2004,200 MW, and the saturated load of the whole island is about 1200-1500 MW, objectively having the condition of achieving “zero carbon input.†Among these 40% of green energy, wind energy Intermittent energy is dominant. Therefore, how to smoothly access the island's renewable energy and 100% local consumption has become an urgent problem, and energy storage may be the only solution in the future. A complete energy storage system will show its importance. 2) Roadmap for the application of energy storage technology in the world. In the future, a complete energy storage system is critical, and it can be matched by a variety of energy storage methods. Such as batteries, capacitors, superconductors, flywheels, etc. are mainly used to improve the quality of the power grid, as an uninterruptible power supply to prevent sudden power outages. Compressed air energy storage is especially suitable for large-scale wind farms, because the two have a natural combination advantage: the mechanical work generated by wind energy can directly drive the compressor to rotate, reducing the intermediate conversion into electricity, thereby improving efficiency. However, compressed air storage is more suitable for large-scale energy storage, such as a wind farm, not a wind turbine. There are currently two long-running compressed air energy storage power stations in the world, located in Germany and the United States. The compressed air storage power station in Iowa, USA is also under construction. It is part of the world's largest wind farm. Due to its large energy storage capacity, the wind farm can still work normally without wind. 3) The unique advantages of compressed air energy storage technology in Chongming Island. The three advantages of compressed air storage make it a tailor-made energy storage means for Chongming Island. First, compressed air storage is second only to pumped storage in terms of scale. For example, a German power plant has a scale of 290 MW. The size of a small compressed air energy storage system is also 10 MW. It uses ground high-pressure vessels to store compressed air, thus breaking through. Dependence on the underground gas storage caves, with greater flexibility H is required for Chongming Island, because Chongming has no natural underground caves. The small compressed air energy storage system is suitable for the vicinity of renewable energy systems such as wind farms, regulates the supply of renewable energy, and absorbs large proportion of intermittent energy sources in Chongming Island. Secondly, the technology is mature and operability, and large-scale commercial applications have been realized. The reason why its technology is mature is mainly because compressed air energy storage is a gas turbine based energy storage technology. However, the principle of compressed air storage is to divide the compressor and turbine of the gas turbine. In fact, it is the time-sharing work of the compressor and the turbine to play the role of peak shaving. The reason for its operability is mainly due to the fact that the installed capacity of the 400MW will be put into operation in 2013, and the design of the existing gas-fired power plant, combined with the compressed air energy storage technology, will have a multiplier effect. Finally, compressed air storage has lower cost, long life and fast response. In 1978, the first commercially operated compressed air energy storage unit was born in Germany. Due to the mature technology and large scale, the cost of compressed air energy storage is relatively low, about 30005000 yuan / kW, which is the lowest cost one energy storage method. And the long life, through maintenance can reach 4050 years, close to 50 years of pumped storage. The response time of compressed air energy storage is faster than pumping energy storage, and the startup time is about 510 minutes. The development of Chongming's smart grid faces many challenges, including the impact of large-scale intermittent energy access on system stability, and the issue of standby power during the operation of Chongming Island's isolated network. The bottleneck for solving these problems is a complete set. Energy storage systems, and compressed air storage as a key part of it play an irreplaceable role. It is especially suitable for large-scale wind farms because both have natural binding advantages as described above. In addition, it has large energy storage, good economy and mature green ring technology, which fully meets the needs of Chongming to build a world-class ecological island. Academician Lu Qiang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences said at the 4th China International Smart Grid Conference: "In Chongming Island, it is not appropriate to engage in chemical battery storage, chemical storage is small in scale and short in life; compressible air storage is large in scale. Long service life." It is believed that Chongming Smart Grid equipped with compressed air energy storage technology will usher in a better tomorrow! When 9晷1 (ipa
Monascus Red For Snack is a food colorant additive added into
snack to make it look delicious. Our company produces the Monascus Red Powder
by fermentation and refined extraction. The products' high purity will be
significantly improved in the coloration of food.
Monascus Red For Snack,Monascus Red Color,Red Monascus Pigment,Monascus Red Color Guangdong Kelong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. , https://www.kelongfood.com