What is a CAS Number?
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In the vast world of chemistry, accurately identifying substances is crucial, and the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) has played a pivotal role in simplifying this process. Since its inception in 1907 as part of the American Chemical Society, the CAS has assigned over 163 million unique identifiers to organic and inorganic compounds. Known as CAS Registry Numbers, these consist of a five-to-ten character alphanumeric sequence, such as xxxx-yy-z. Think of them as a compound's Social Security Number—no matter how many names a compound might have, its CAS number remains constant. This system has been a game-changer for scientific communication, eliminating confusion caused by multiple names or lengthy chemical designations. For instance, methanol goes by numerous synonyms like methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, and MeOH. However, when referenced by its CAS number, 67-56-1, it transcends language barriers and variations in nomenclature. Moreover, CAS numbers specify precise compound forms, preventing further confusion. For example, while 1317-38-0 refers to cupric oxide in a wire form, 1317-39-1 denotes it as a black powder. This clarity proves especially valuable in labs, chemical trade, and education. If you're involved in these fields, CAS numbers are indispensable tools—easily accessible via a quick Google search and completely free.
The introduction of the CAS Registry Number in the 1960s revolutionized chemical identification, making it more straightforward and streamlined. By the 1980s, the CAS online database became an essential resource for researchers worldwide. Today, regulatory bodies like the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the European Union (EU) rely heavily on CAS numbers for chemical substance identification. Whether through databases like ChemIDplus or the NIST Chemistry Webbook, finding a compound's CAS number is relatively straightforward. For example, using ChemIDplus, you can search for "Ibuprofen," and its CAS number, 15687-27-1, will appear under the "RN" label. Keep in mind that different websites may format these numbers differently, but each compound—and its specific form—has its unique identifier. Always verify that the number matches the intended compound.
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